Cytokine storm is a general term applied to maladaptive cytokine release in response to infection and other stimuli. The pathogenesis is complex but includes loss of regulatory control of proinflammatory cytokine production, both at local and systemic levels. The disease progresses rapidly, and the mortality is high. Some evidence shows that, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, severe deterioration in some patients has been closely associated with dysregulated and excessive cytokine release. This article reviews what we know of the mechanism and treatment strategies of the COVID-19 virus-induced inflammatory storm in an attempt to provide some background to inform future guidance for clinical treatment
Inflammation is an essential part of an effective immune response. It is difficult to eliminate infections successfully without inflammation. The inflammatory response begins with an initial recognition of pathogens. The pathogens then mediate the recruitment of immune cells, which eliminates the pathogens and ultimately leads to tissue repair and restoration of homeostasis. However, SARS-CoV-2 induces excessive and prolonged cytokine/chemokine responses in some infected individuals, known as the cytokine storm. Cytokine storm causes ARDS or multiple-organ dysfunction, which leads to physiological deterioration and death. Timely control of the cytokine storm in its early stage through such means as immunomodulators and cytokine antagonists, as well as the reduction of lung inflammatory cell infiltration, is the key to improving the treatment success rate and reducing the mortality rate of patients with COVID-19
Reference & Source Information: https://www.journalofinfection.com/
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