Studies from China and Italy have shown that hypertension, diabetes and history of cardiovascular disease are the most frequent comorbidities in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. [54], [55], [56] Older age and male sex are two additional factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. [54], [55], [56] A similar picture emerged a few years ago with the SARS-CoV infection. [57,58]
In a study conducted in 201 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, most patients were men (63.7% of patients), the mean age was 51 years and the most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (19.4%), diabetes (10.9%) and history of cardiovascular disease (4.0). [55] Notably, the patients who developed ARDS were older and had a higher prevalence of hypertension (27.4% Vs. 13.7%), diabetes (19.0% Vs. 5.1%) when compared with those who did not develop ARDS. [55] In a multivariate analysis, the factors associated with progression from ARDS syndrome to death included older age, neutrophilia and hyper-coagulation, mainly reflected by a higher D-dimer. [55] Abnormal coagulation parameters and enhanced thrombosis predict a poor prognosis in patients with SARS-CoV-2. [59] A meta-analysis of 8 studies conducted in China on a total of 46,248 patients infected with SARS-CoV2 confirmed that hypertension, diabetes and history of cardiovascular disease were the most frequent comorbidities in these patients. [56] Again, hypertension and history of cardiovascular disease were significantly more prevalent among the more severe patients. [56]
In a recent analysis of 1591 infected patients from Italy, the mean age of patients was 63 years, men were 82% and the prevalence of patients with hypertension, diabetes and previous cardiovascular disease was 49%, 17% and 21%, respectively. [54] Patients with hypertension were older that those without hypertension (66 vs 62 years, p=0.005). When comparing the patients who died in the Intensive Care Unit with those who survived, the former were older and had a higher prevalence of hypertension (63% Vs. 40%, p<0.001).
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167588/
Source ReF : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov